Kherqeh-pushi (wearing the clock) is a customary ritual in Sufism. This ritual is usually accompanied with kherqeh-andakhtan (dedicating the clock) or takhriqe-kherqeh (tearing the clock) and kherqeh-az-sar-beh-dar-avrdan or kherqeh-az-sar-bar-kashidan (underssing the clock). Kherqeh-andakhtan (dedicating the clock) used to occur often in the state of ecstasy (vajd) and especially Serna. kherqeh-az-sar-beh-dar-avrdan (underssing the clock), besides that happens when two Sufis wish to do away with misunderstandings. Similarly, Kherqeh-az-sar-bar-kashidan (underssing the clock) was a way of punishing the culprit Sufi in Khangah. It seems that there is a connection between kherqeh-pushi (wearing the clock) and kherqeh-suzi (burning the clock), even though there was no citable and valid evidence about it in Sufi texts. Kherqeh-suzi (burning the clock) has a widespread use in mystical poems, as in the poems of Attar Neishapouri, Saadi, Mulavi, Qasem Anvar, Fakhredin Araqi and especially Hafez. By considering Kherqeh-pushi, the present article, tries to analyze the concept of kherqeh-suzi (burning the clock) in mystical texts, especially in the works of Attar and Hafez.

Background and Aims: Circadian rhythms are natural processes that regulate the sleep-wake cycle and are repeated approximately every 24 hours and controlled by an internal circadian clock. Incorrect functioning of the circadian clock system disrupts the normal sleep pattern. The molecular regulation of this system is done by several clock genes, the most important of which is the clock gene that encodes a transcription factor that plays a central role in regulating the molecular circadian clock. In this study, the rs1801260 polymorphism of the clock gene was investigated in Iranian patients with insomnia. Materials and methods: In this study, 60 blood samples were collected from people with profound problems of insomnia, inability to control sleep and irregular sleep as the patient group and 60 samples from people without any history of insomnia or sleep disorder as the control group. Then DNA was extracted and rs1801260 polymorphism was assessed by ARMS-PCR using specific primers for normal and mutated alleles and the results were analyzed. Results: According to the results, 50% of patients had GG, 36. 7% had AG and 13. 3% had AA genotype. In the control group, the frequency of GG, AG and AA genotypes was 30%, 26. 7% and 43. 3%, respectively. Also, this polymorphism is significantly associated with insomnia in patients (p<0. 05) and has no significant relationship with gender, age and lifestyle of patients. Conclusion: These findings show that the rs1801260 polymorphism and the presence of the G allele in this position have a significant relationship with sleep disorder and it seems to play an important role in occurrence of insomnia in the Iranian population. Therefore, checking the clock gene in patient or susceptible people can be helpful for effective prevention and treatment of the disease.

Rapid journeys to distant places across time zones produce a general malaise that lasts for up to one week. It can reduce an athletes peak performance and disrupts training schedules and preparations for competition. It results from the slow adjustment of the body clock to the new time zone. Methods for reducing the severity and duration of these negative effects-for use before, during, and in the days after the flight-are described and their scientific basis is explained.

Like the biological clock in the body, replication of each cell type (even different cells of the same organism) follows a timing program. Abnormal function of this timer could be an alarm for a disease like cancer. DNA replication starts from a specific point on the chromosome that is called the origin of replication. In contrast to prokaryotes in which DNA replication starts from a single origin, eukaryotic DNA replication starts from many origins scattered along the chromosomes. Budding yeast contains 300 origins, whereas fission yeast has 1, 100, and the numbers of replication origins for human increase to over 20, 000. These origins are fired in a coordinated manner, and there are spatial and temporal disciplines for this process, which happens in the S phase of the cell cycle. It was known that eukaryotic cells prepare all these potential origins during the G1 phase of the cell cycle but utilize only a portion of these origins during S phase. Furthermore, firing some of these origins are delayed until the mid and late phases of the S phase...